Water Carry Calculator

Estimate how much water to carry at the start of a hike or backpacking route. This water carry calculator factors in hiking time, water consumption rate, heat, effort, refill distance, reliable water sources, cooking water, safety reserve, and the weight added to your pack.

Calculate Water Carry

Water Carry = hourly water need × time to next refill + cooking water + reserve
Your result will appear here.

How the water carry calculator works

Time to next refill:
Enter the expected number of hours until the next reliable water source. This is the main driver of how much water you need to carry.

Conditions:
The calculator adjusts water carry for heat, sun exposure, effort level, and water source reliability.

Pack weight:
The calculator estimates water weight so you can balance hydration needs against backpack weight.

Why use a water carry calculator?

A water carry calculator helps estimate how much water to start with before a hike, backpacking section, dry stretch, campsite stop, or long trail day.

Water planning depends on your sweat rate, route difficulty, heat, humidity, shade, altitude, refill reliability, filter speed, and how much water you need for cooking or camping.

Water carry formula

This calculator uses a practical outdoor hydration estimate:

Recommended Carry = adjusted hourly water rate × time to next refill + cooking water + safety reserve

Water carry calculator tips

Frequently asked questions

How much water should I carry hiking?

Many hikers start with about 0.5 to 1 liter per hour, then adjust for heat, sun, effort, altitude, humidity, and refill availability.

How much does water weigh in a backpack?

Water weighs about 2.2 pounds per liter, about 1 kilogram per liter, or about 8.34 pounds per gallon.

Should I carry all my water or filter on trail?

If water sources are reliable, filtering on trail can reduce pack weight. If sources are seasonal, dry, or uncertain, carry extra reserve.

What is a dry stretch?

A dry stretch is a section of trail with no reliable water sources. Water carry should be based on the longest dry stretch plus safety reserve.