Z-Score Calculator

Calculate z-scores, percentile ranks, probability areas, and raw scores from a mean and standard deviation with this free z-score calculator.

Calculate Z-Scores

z = (x - μ) / σ = (85 - 70) / 10
x = μ + zσ = 70 + (1.5 × 10)
Your result will appear here.

How z-scores are calculated

Z-score formula:
z = (x − μ) ÷ σ

Raw score formula:
x = μ + zσ

Percentile rank:
Use the standard normal distribution area to the left of z

Middle area:
Area between z and the mean or between two z-values

Why z-scores matter

Z-scores standardize values so you can compare scores from different distributions. They are widely used in statistics, testing, finance, and research.

They help show whether a value is typical, unusually high, or unusually low compared to the mean.

What your result means

Your result shows how far a value is from the mean in standard deviation units, or converts a z-score back into a raw value.

It also shows percentile rank, left-tail probability, right-tail probability, and the area between the mean and the z-score for easier interpretation.

Z-score calculator tips

Frequently asked questions

What is a z-score?

A z-score tells you how many standard deviations a value is above or below the mean.

What does a negative z-score mean?

A negative z-score means the value is below the mean.

What does a z-score of 0 mean?

A z-score of 0 means the value is exactly equal to the mean.

Can z-scores be used for percentiles?

Yes. A z-score can be converted into a percentile using the standard normal distribution.