Water Column Pressure Calculator

Convert water column height into pressure. This calculator works with inches of water, feet of water, centimeters of water, and meters of water to estimate PSI, kPa, pascals, bar, atmospheres, mmHg, and inH₂O.

Calculate Water Column Pressure

Water Column Pressure = density × gravity × height
Your result will appear here.

How the water column pressure calculator works

Column height:
Enter the vertical height of the water column. The calculator converts that height into meters.

Water density:
Select fresh water, salt water, or enter a custom density for special conditions.

Pressure result:
The calculator uses density, gravity, and water height to estimate pressure in several units.

Why use a water column pressure calculator?

A water column pressure calculator is useful for HVAC static pressure, gas appliance pressure, manometer readings, pump head, water tanks, irrigation systems, plumbing estimates, and low-pressure conversions.

Water column pressure is often shown as inH₂O, ftH₂O, cmH₂O, or mH₂O.

Water column pressure formula

The basic water column pressure formula is:

P = ρ × g × h

Water column pressure calculator tips

Frequently asked questions

What is water column pressure?

Water column pressure is the pressure created by a vertical height of water. A taller column creates more pressure.

How many inches of water equal 1 PSI?

About 27.68 inches of fresh water column equals 1 PSI.

How much pressure is 1 inch of water?

One inch of fresh water column is about 0.0361 PSI or 249.09 pascals.

Is water column pressure the same as head pressure?

Yes, water column pressure and head pressure are closely related. Both describe pressure created by vertical liquid height.