Wire Size Calculator

Estimate electrical wire size from amps, voltage, distance, wire material, phase type, temperature rating, and allowable voltage drop. This calculator gives a planning estimate for copper or aluminum wire gauge.

Calculate Wire Size

Wire size is estimated from ampacity and voltage drop. Single-phase voltage drop ≈ 2 × K × I × D ÷ CM.
Your result will appear here.

How the wire size calculator works

Current adjustment:
The calculator starts with the load current and applies a 125% factor when continuous load is selected.

Ampacity estimate:
The calculator compares adjusted current to a simplified wire ampacity table.

Voltage drop estimate:
The calculator checks whether the wire size is likely to stay within the selected voltage drop limit for the distance entered.

Why use a wire size calculator?

A wire size calculator helps estimate the electrical wire gauge needed for a circuit before planning a project.

It can help with branch circuits, feeders, garage circuits, shed wiring estimates, RV circuits, solar wiring estimates, low-voltage runs, lighting circuits, and general electrical planning.

What your result means

Your result shows estimated wire size, adjusted amps, voltage drop, voltage drop percentage, round-trip distance, estimated watts, circuit type, material, and comparison scenarios.

Wire size calculator formulas

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate wire size?

Start with the load current, adjust for continuous load if needed, then choose a wire size that supports the amps and keeps voltage drop within the desired limit.

What wire size do I need for 20 amps?

For a basic copper branch circuit estimate, 12 AWG is commonly associated with 20 amps, but the final answer depends on local code, insulation, temperature, terminals, distance, and circuit type.

Does distance affect wire size?

Yes. Longer wire runs can create more voltage drop, so a larger wire size may be needed even if the amp load stays the same.

Can I use this for final electrical work?

No. This is a planning estimate. Always verify wire sizing, breaker sizing, conduit fill, derating, terminals, and local code requirements with a qualified electrician.